Rat Terrier
Description
Rat Terriers originated in the United States during the 18th and 19th centuries, bred to be versatile farm dogs and skilled vermin hunters. Their lineage includes Smooth Fox Terrier, Manchester Terrier, Bull Terrier, Old English White Terrier, and the extinct English Black and Tan Terrier, with some lines carrying Whippet, Italian Greyhound, or Beagle traits. These influences give Rat Terriers their speed, scenting ability, and agility. Known for their lively and feisty demeanor, Rat Terriers excel both as working dogs and affectionate companions. They’re alert watchdogs with a strong protective instinct and usually get along well with children and other pets, though their prey drive means small animals require careful supervision. Early training and socialization are key to managing their natural hunting instincts. Weighing between 10 and 25 pounds, they’re compact but sturdy dogs with a reputation for impressive jumping ability.
Grooming
The Rat Terrier sports a short, smooth coat that sheds lightly to moderately throughout the year, so no major seasonal blowouts occur. Weekly brushing with a rubber curry or bristle brush keeps their coat healthy and shiny by removing loose hair and distributing natural oils. Bathing should be done every 4 to 8 weeks to avoid drying out their skin; over-bathing can strip essential oils and cause irritation. Nail trimming every 2 to 4 weeks prevents overgrowth and discomfort, while ear cleaning once a month helps avoid buildup and infections. - Brush weekly with rubber curry or bristle brush - Bathe every 4–8 weeks, avoid over-bathing - Trim nails every 2–4 weeks - Clean ears monthly - Check for tear stains on lighter coats Pro tip: Use a damp cloth to gently wipe around the eyes and muzzle to keep white or apricot-colored coats free of tear stains and dirt.
Learn the Smooth routine:
→ Complete Smooth Grooming Guide
Walking
Rat Terriers require about 70 minutes of walking daily, split into two sessions to keep them mentally and physically satisfied. Morning walks can be brisk 35-minute outings focusing on leash training and scent exploration. Evening walks should include some off-leash time in a secure area or interactive play to burn off their natural energy and curiosity. Example routine: - Morning: 35 minutes brisk walk with leash focus - Evening: 35 minutes off-leash play or scent games Consistent exercise helps curb their tendency to bark and keeps their sharp minds engaged. Without enough activity, Rat Terriers may become restless or vocal, so maintaining this walk schedule is crucial for a balanced dog.
Boarding
When boarding a Rat Terrier, provide a crate sized between 30 and 36 inches to accommodate their compact frame comfortably. These dogs thrive with two active play sessions daily, combined with scent or brain games that challenge their intelligence and hunting instincts. Avoid small-animal toys to prevent triggering their prey drive, and ensure fencing is secure to keep them safe during outdoor play. Staff should note that Rat Terriers are alert and may bark at unfamiliar sounds, so gentle reassurance and consistent routines help reduce stress. They enjoy interactive enrichment that taps into their natural curiosity, such as puzzle feeders or scent trails. Socialization with other dogs is possible but monitor play closely to avoid overstimulation or chasing behaviors.